Orthodontics – Fixed orthodontics devices
Fixed devices are contrary to removable ones not removable, these have to be worn during the entire period of treatment. However, actually only one element is fixed to the teeth.
Its parts are the brackett (lock), a small, angular instrument, which is to be sticked on the tooth (every tooth will get different type). This will receive the regulating arch. The brackett can be made of various material. For example of steel which is very durable, however it may cause aesthetic problems to its bearer. The metal can be steel, titanic or gold. Today there exist aesthetic bracketts, too which can be produced from plastic or ceramics. Bracketts have four „wings”. The arch gets fixed by the assistance of these wings which are active parts of the device. Due to its flexibility the arch draws the teeth in its own plain. As a first step we use soft arches promoting the habituation to the device, after this, when the patient has got accustomed to wear it, always rigider devices shall be applied arranging teeth into a perfect arch. Arches shall be changed during regular visits. The orthodontics device has a soft, controlled power on teeth. Orthodontics take advantage of the feature of the bone that it is to be rebuilt as a result of the continuous power. It will be degraded on the area of pressure, but at the side of tension power, i.e. on the opposite side, it will be built up. Thereby the tooth moves actually in the bone.
The advantages of fixed orthodontics include the predicability, sufficient result can be achieved in course of its use. Contrary to the removable device it has a continuous effect and therefore it’s very efficient. The intensity and direction of the power can be adjusted accurately, so the desired movement of the tooth will surely take place. Fine tooth movement can also be performed. The active treatment takes shorter time than in case of using the removable device. Moreover, it can be safely used in the adulthood, its grade of efficiency is still efficient. Its disadvantage is that it’s more difficult to keep it clean, therefore the immaculate mouth hygiene is very important, special care is to be paid to to this circumstance. Wearing it can be aesthetically disadvantegous, though this problem can be solved by the aesthetic devices, moreover the devices on the tongue side are not visible at all. Inserting it in the mouth takes longer time, but treatments afterwards are shorter. If we compare advantages and disadvantages we may come to the conclusion that the disadvantages of fixed orthodontics devices are negligible compared to the advantages and results.
Gyakran ismétlődő kérdések
Sérül-e a fogzománc rögzített fogszabályozó eltávolításakor?
A modern eljárásoknak és eszközöknek köszönhetően a fogzománc semmiképpen sem tud megsérülni a fogszabályozó készülék eltávolításakor. A Dr. Kocsis András Fogszabályzó Centrumban minden esetben a lehető legnagyobb körültekintéssel távolítjuk el a rögzített fogszabályozó készüléket.
Milyen gyakran kell fogat mosnom, ha rögzített fogszabályozóm van?
Rögzített fogszabályozó viselése esetén lehetőleg minden étkezés után és természetesen lefekvés előtt is mindenképp szükséges a fogmosás. A fogszabályozóra rakódott ételmaradék ugyanis nem csupán esztétikailag előnytelen, hanem komoly fogászati problémákhoz is vezethet. A fogszabályozó tisztításához speciális fogkefék is kaphatóak, ezáltal könnyedén fenntartható a megfelelő szájhigiénia, ami fogszabályozó viselése esetén különösen fontos.
Elektromos fogkefét is lehet használni rögzített fogszabályozó esetén?
Természetesen igen. Sőt, speciálisan fogszabályozósoknak kifejlesztett elektromos fogkefét is lehet kapni. Mivel azonban a fogszabályozó fokozottabban veszi igénybe a fogkefe fejét, ezért érdemes ezeket gyakrabban cserélni.
After fixed braces do we always need another at night?
This is a very good question. Namely, the treatment is not finished by the removal of the fixed braces, since teeth would like to get back to their original places, where they felt all right for long years (i.e. into the position before the treatment). This is to be prevented by the so called retainers. Often these are not „night”, i.e. removable devices, but fixed rails, sticked on the inner surface of teeth. It is alwaysd the dentist who decides which one is to be applied.
Hasznos információk
First aid
Orthodontic treatments are in general safe and hardly ever lead to complications. However, should you experienc any irregularity please contact our customer service without delay and we will resolve the problem in the shortest possible period of time. Addressing any complication very early one can prevent endangering the success of the treatment.
Tongue thrust swallowing
Speech therapy of tongue thrust swallowing in Szeged
It is commonly known phenomenon that children at an early stage of development don’t start to speak clearly, certain sounds are replaced by others or the phonation itself is „baby-like”, they push out their tongue while speaking. This phenomenon is the so called speech with tongue thrust swallowing. This may spread out to numerous sounds, it may have impact on the formation of soundings: sz,z,c,s zs,cs,t,d,n,l,ty,gy,ny.
The distorted or supplementary forming of sounds is collectively called lisping. In the first years of the period of shaping coherent speech and routinous application (3-5 years) this phenomenon may be considered to be of physiological nature. (physiological lisping). The necessity of correction of speech disorders accompanied by speech therapy emerges when at the age of 5 the number of mistaken or incorrectly formed sounds still exceeds 10.
It may occur that lisping is combined with other disorders in this development stage, in such case it is justified to look for a speech therapist for children under 5. It is worth paying attention to the ponits below:
- deviation involving pregnancy and birth process
- previous development disorders, diseases in the family
- deferred or obstructed speech development, previously occured in the family, dyslexia (dygraphia, dyscalculia – i.e. difficulties with reading, writing, counting at school age), left-handedness
- deferred, immaturity or disorder symptoms int he movement development of children
- frequent diseases of the upper respiratory
- allergic diseases
- oddities in social behaviour, communication
- expansion of start of speaking (at the age of 3 or later)
- baby language, double-talk, constant maintenance of self-made words
- suspected disorders in speech attention, speech-orientation, speech perception and understanding
- long remaining double-handedness (no dominance shaped up to 5)
- erratic speech
- left-handedness
- deviations in movement coordination, balance, spatial orientation, attention, activity, biorhytm irregularities
Tongue thrust swallowing
The background of defective artculation has frequently the above mentioned swallowing peculiarity in the background, the so called tongue thrust swallowing. Its subsistance until the change of teeth can be considered as physiologic phenomenon, but later on abnormal. The initial, voluntary stage of the swallowing process takes place within the mouth and for those who produce the abnormal form occurs like this: by swallowing the dentures don’t close and the tongue produces an almost horizontal in-and-out movement (up and down) so sliding between the front or the side teeth, respectively it will push them at all swallowings. From speech therapy aspects this leads to the distorted formation of the already mentioned sounds sz,z,c,s zs,cs,t,d,n,l,ty,gy,ny, the formation occurs in such cases spectacularly between the two dentures making the tip and the front side of the tongue visible. Is is often followed by the open status of the lips at normal breathing, too.
The following factors may play a role in the formation of defective swallowing (sometimes even breathing):
- peculiarities of infants and childhood nutrition (artificial nutrition, use of insuffient sized pacifier, or the too big whole shaped on it).
- By teeth changing the tongue conforms to the changing mouth area anatomy and performs compensation movement and this is not being settled by the existence of the remaining teeth.
- Thumb sucking, prolonged use of pacifier.
- Upper respiratory diseases, because of which the tongue (also its front side) falls forward (increased nose or pharyngeal tonsils, allergic diseases).
- Generally sluggish muscles all over the body, disorder of muscle tone, overall weakness of movement coordination.
Setting up diagnosis as well as indication of the necessary therapy shall be made by a team of specialists including an ear-nose-throat sepcialist, a dentist, an orthodontics specialist (orthodontus), a speech therapist, in some cases a phoniater (if the phonation changes spread out on the tone, too). In the longer period of therapy the speech therapist and the orthodontus have a major role, since both the swallowing and the speech can be shaped to an activity that takes place properly even in spontanous use in the course of a long, practicing-strenthening-automating process.
The mechanical influence of the position of tongue and teeth is often necessary, this is the professional field of the orthodontics specialist who is in charge of deciding what device might promote the shaping of normal denture, biting, tongue position, swallowing. The „tempering” of muscles around the mouth and inside it, the formation of correct resting and speech breathing, the change of speech sounds formation adjusted to the standard, are followed by speech therapist. The expression „follow” is not accidental here; during the succesful outcome of the therapy the motivation of child and parent as well as the regular practicing of trained movements and exercises at home have the same importance as the job of the professional team.
This following, speech correction service became available also in Szeged.
Frequent disorders
Tooth disorders
- Jam
- Open bite (incisors don’t come together when biting)
- Deep bite (upper incisors overlap or cover the lower incisors)
- Cross bite (e.g. upper teeth bite not before but behind lower teeth)
- Tooth outside or inside teeth arch
- Excessive leaning of teeth in- or outside
- Retarded teeth
- Supernumerery teeth
- Lack of tooth germ
Disordres concerning the jaw
- Underdeveloped or too big jaw
- Underdeveloped or too big upper jaw
- The combination of the above, disproportion between the size and location of jaws
- Open bite
- Deep bite
- Dyssymmetry
- Lips- and palate gaps
Frequent deviations we meet in adulthood
- Overgrown or leaned teeth due to missing teeth, obstructing preparation of prothesis
- Wandering teeth due to periodontal diseases
- Surgery- orthodontics treatments due to jaw deformities
- Disfunctions of mandibular joints (pain, clacking)
- Aesthetic interventions
Why do tooth disorders shape?
1. Genetic reason
- The size and shape of our teeth are genetically determined. However, the size of the jaw is coded by other genes. So it may occur that we inherit too big teeth with small jaw or too small teeth with big jaw resulting jamming or on the contrary gapping.
- A great number of deviations can itself be inherited, for example the protruding, overgrown jaw (bulldog bite) let’s think of the Habsburg family. Family aggregation can be observed in many cases due to lack of germ, supernumerery teeth, or just due to gaps (lips- and palate gap).
2. Outer harms
- Bad habits, functional disorders
- Thumb sucking (children push the upper incisors outside with their thumbs, like a „bracing” device)
- Tongue thrust swallowing (tongue is jamming between the two dentures by swallowing)
- Lips-pressure swallowing (lower lip is jamming behind the upper incisors, so upper incisors lean forward, the lower ones backwards)
- Nail chewing, pencil chewing
- Bruxism (mainly at night, in most cases because of stress)
- Nutrition disorders (baby doesn’t suck, doesn’ chew enough)
- Impaired nasal breathing (when child is sick for longer time, can’t take breath through nose, breathing happens through mouth only. Accordingly, lips are always open, teeth are not supported by the muscle of lips, therefore upper incisors lean outside)
- Premature loss of milk teeth (removal of milk teeth at least one year prior to breaking out the final teeth). Early removal of milk teeth causes a great number of disorders, because the neighbouring teeth start to wander towards the missing space and the later breaking peermanent teeth will find insufficient place, so they will stand inside or outside the denture, in worst case they are unable to grow at all and remain inside the bone. Bite may also sink causing deep bite syndrome. To prevent this phenomenen we prefer keeping teeth, on the other hand, if removal is indispensible, we used to suggest the application of site maintenance. This can be removable or fixed, small size device, doesn’t disturb children.
- Trauma (due to accident of milk teeth the permanent tooth doesn’t break out or breaks out with abnormal poisiton).
Kezelés megtervezése
Ez a szakasz a legfontosabb momentum a fogszabályozó kezelések során. Ekkor dől el, hogy milyen változásokat hozunk létre az arcon, milyen lesz a mosoly, a benyomás, az esztétikai megítélés.
Összességében vizsgáljuk a rágó-és mimikai izomzatot, a fogsorok találkozását,a rágást, a fogak helyzetét, az állcsontok egymáshoz való viszonyát. Lemérjük a fogak és ajkak találkozását. Esztétikai analízist végzünk. Minden egyes páciens más- és más, ezért kell elkészíteni az egyénre szabott kezelési tervet. Rengeteg mérési lehetőség áll a rendelkezésünkre, de ezeket nem külön-külön, hanem egy komplex rendszerben végezzük el.
Csak akkor vágunk bele a kezelésbe, ha biztosak vagyunk az elérhető maximális eredményben és a hosszútávú stabilitásban. Különböző alternatívákat alkotunk, de azzal a szigorú megkötéssel, hogy kompromisszumot csak akkor kötünk, ha ez orvosi szempontból is helytálló. Bevonjuk a társszakmák képviselőit is, ha szükséges, konzultálunk kezelőorvosával. Ekkor ajánljuk fel azokat a készüléktípusokat, amelyek a leghatékonyabbak a kezelésben. Ezek közül választhat. A kezeléstervezéskor nem készülékekben gondolkozunk, hanem abban, hogy az Ön számára mi a lehető legjobb megoldás. A készülék, csak eszköz a kezünkben amivel a legoptimálisabban, leggyorsabban,legkényelmesebben kezeljük Önt.
Érdekességek
NASA találmány a fogszabályozóban
Az egyes fogszabályozóknál használt drótban olyan nikkel-titánium található, melyet a NASA fejlesztett ki, és speciális alakmegőrző tulajdonsággal rendelkezik, mely testhő vagy nyomás hatására aktivizálódik.
Már a maják is használtak fogékszert
2500 évvel ezelőtt a Maja civilizációnak komoly ismeretei voltak a fogakról. Fogaikat ugyanis előszeretettel díszítették ékszerekkel, melyhez kezdetleges fúrót használtak. Sőt, fogaikat sokszor speciális alakúra faragták, hogy minél érdekesebb legyen… A kutatók szerint a maják nagyon jól ismerhették a fogakat, hiszen képesek voltak úgy faragni azokat, és úgy beilleszteni az ékszert, hogy felépítésükben nem esett kár.
Az egyiptomiak furcsa módszere a fogak között rés ellen
Már az ókorban is voltak kísérletek a fogak közötti rések megszűntetésére és a tökéletes mosoly kialakítására. Ásatások során fedezték fel, hogy az egyiptomiak a fogakat egy vékony, állati belekből készített zsineggel húzták össze, így próbálták megszűntetni a köztes hézagokat. Hiába, egy a szép mosoly már akkor nagy jelentőséggel bírt.
